This is a hard question to answer for sure, as there are always quite a number of travelling people who may not call themselves Gypsies or Roma, but may get counted with them; there are also a number of Gypsies and other travellers who don't register as residents of the country they are in, or who are hard to trace because they move around or migrate to a different country. So all figures are approximate.

The highest population of all is said to be in Turkey with close to 3 million. Overall, the largest number of actual Roma Gypsies is in Europe - the official estimate is about 4 million, but for the reasons explained above this is not sure, and the numbers could be much higher. Within Europe, central areas have the highest numbers, especially Romania and Bulgaria. Spain, Italy and Russia also have large Gypsy populations.