According to Guinness World Records, Oymyakon, a Russian town is the coldest inhabited palce on the earth. On 1st January 1933, it had a temperature of -68°C (i.e. -90°F). Named after the Oymyakon River, Oymyakon has a high latitude and has a population of 521.

In terms of annual average temperature, Ulaan-baatar,the capital city of Mongolia is the coldest capital city in the world with an average annual temperature of -1.3°C (i.e. 29.7°F).